Hibernation

HIBERNATION. LISTENING REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1 through 4). Page 158. Questions 1 through 8. Listen to a lecture in a zoology class. OK, calm down, please .... It's time to get started .... You can continue your chitchat after class. Our topic for today is hibernation. When it begins getting cold in the north as winter approaches, uh, different types of animals deal with the approach of the cold weather in different ways. Some animals move south to warmer weather, some animals increase their activity to stay warm, and other animals hibernate during the cold weather. So today, we'll be discussing this third category of animals, the animals that hibernate. Now, these are the animals like groundhogs and bears that go into a state of unconsciousness or semi-consciousness during the cold winter months. f) The first animal we'll look at is the groundhog.The groundhog's one of the best-known hibernators. It goes into its burrow 4 or 5 feet underground sometime in the fall, and, uh, it doesn't come out until spring. A groundhog stays in its underground burrow for the entire winter,without coming out. Now, because the groundhog hibernates so completely, it's the groundhog that has achieved prominence in our folklore as the animal that's responsible for determining whether or not winter's over and it's safe to come out of hibernation. You see, according to folklore, the groundhog will come out of the burrow where it's hibernating on Groundhog Day in February. If winter's over, the groundhog will remain out of its burrow, but if winter's going to last for a while longer, the groundhog will scurry back into its burrow … Yes, Amanda, do you have a question? Yes,I do. Does the groundhog have a good record, you know, about predicting whether winter's over? (professor) (laughs) Uh, no, not really. It's just a folktale,and the groundhog isn't ... urn ... batting much more than fifty¬ fifty.Now,back to the discussion of hibernation, with a little more emphasis on its scientific nature. e We've discussed the groundhog, which hibernates throughout the cold weather. Other animals that hibernate in a similar fashion are bats and squirrels. Now, we'll look at the bear. which hibernates in a different manner. You see, bears don't hibernate as completely as groundhogs, bats, or squirrels. In the southern half of the United States, bears don't hibernate at because the weather doesn't get cold enough for them to hibernate. In the northern half of the United States, bears may not stay in hibernation for the entire winter. They may come out of their hibernation during the winter and wander about before returning to hibernation .... Yes,Tom, what's your question? Well,professor, I'm not ... uh ... exactly sure what ... urn ... hibernation is. I mean, ... how is hibernation different from sleep? ) "Ab, ... that's a good question, Tom, one that I'm a little late in clarifying. Hibernation is different from sleep, and these differences between sleep and hibernation are seen in body temperature and heart rate. You see, the main characteristics of hibernation, which are very different from sleep, are that body temperature and heart rate decrease significantly.When an animal comes out of hibernation, the heart rate and body temperature increase to the levels normal during waking hours. During the period when a large animal, uh ... such as a bear, is coming out of hibernation, the animal's entire body does not warm at once. The area around the heart warms up first. As the heart warms up, it begins beating at its normal rate, and it's then able to pump blood around the rest of the body and heat up the rest of the body. o These are the main points that we need to cover about hibernation. Now, well take a short break before moving on to the next subject. 1. LISTEN AGAIN TO PART OF THE LECTURE. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION. (professor) OK, calm down, please .... It's time to get started ... You can continue your chitchat after class. WHAT DOES THE PROFESSOR MEAN WHEN HE SAYS THIS: (professor) You can continue your chitchat after class. 2. WHAT IS THE TOPIC OF THE TALK? 3. WHAT IS NOT MENTIONED BY THE PROFESSOR AS A WAY THAT VARIOUS TYPES OF ANIMALS PREPARE FOR THE COLD WEATHER? 4. LISTEN AGAIN TO PART OF THE LECTURE. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION. (Amanda) Yes, I do. Does the groundhog have a good record, you know, about predicting whether winter's over? (laughs) Uh, no ... not really. It's just a folktale, and the groundhog isn't ... urn ... batting much more than fifty¬ fifty. Now, back to the discussion of hibernation, with a little more emphasis on its scientific nature. HOW DOES THE PROFESSOR SEEM TO FEEL ABOUT THE ABILITY OF THE GROUNDHOG TO PREDICT THE END OF WINTER WHEN HE SAYS THIS: It's just a folktale, and the groundhog isn't ... urn. '.. batting much more than fifty-fifty.Now, back to the discussion of hibernation, with a little more emphasis on its scientific nature. 5. WHICH IS NOT A GOOD HIBERNATOR? 6. LISTEN AGAIN TO PART OF THE LECTURE. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTION. Well, professor, I'm not'. .. uh ... exactly sure what ... urn ... hibernation is. I mean, ... how is hibernation different from sleep? Ah, ... that's a good question, Tom, one that I'm a little late in clarifying. WHY DOES THE PROFESSOR SAY THIS; (professor) Ah, ... that's a good question, Tom, one that I'm a little late in clarifying. 7. WHAT HAPPENS TO BODY TEMPERATURE AND HEART RATE DURING HIBERNATION? 8. WHAT PART OF THE BEAR MOST LIKELY WARMS UP FIRST FROM HIBERNATION? Hibernation is different from sleep, and these differences between sleep and hibernation are seen in body temperature and heart rate. The main characteristics of hibernation, which are very different from sleep, are that body temperature and heart rate decrease significantly. When an animal comes out of hibernation, the heart rate and body temperature increase to the levels normal during waking hours. During the period when a large animal such as a bear, is coming out of hibernation, the animal's entire body does not warm at once. The area around the heart warms up first. As the heart warms up, it begins beating at its normal rate, and it is then able to pump blood around the rest of the body and heat up the rest of the body. When it begins getting cold in the north as winter approaches, different types of animals deal with the approach of the cold weather in different ways. Some animals move south to warmer weather, some animals increase their activity to stay warm, and other animals hibernate during the cold weather. The animals that hibernate are the animals like groundhogs and bears that go into a state of unconsciousness or semiconsciousness during the cold winter months. The groundhog is one of the best-known hibernators. It goes into its burrow 4 or 5 feet underground sometime in the fall, and it does not come out until spring. A groundhog stays in its underground burrow for the entire winter, without coming out. Because the groundhog hibernates so completely, it's the groundhog that has achieved prominence in folklore as the animal that is responsible for determining whether or not winter is over and it is safe to come out of hibernation. According to folklore, the groundhog will come out of the burrow where it is hibernating on Groundhog Day in February. If winter is over, the groundhog will remain out of its burrow, but if winter is going to last for a while longer, the groundhog will scurry back into its burrow. Other animals that hibernate in a similar fashion are bats and squirrels.

On the other hand, bears hibernate in a different manner. In the southern half of the United States, bears do not hibernate at all because the weather does not get cold enough for them to hibernate. In the northern half of the United States, bears may not stay in hibernation for the entire winter. They may come out of their hibernation during the winter and wander about before returning to hibernation.  Hibernation is different from sleep, and these differences between sleep and hibernation are seen in body temperature and heart rate. The main characteristics of hibernation, which are very different from sleep, are that body temperature and heart rate decrease significantly. When an animal comes out of hibernation, the heart rate and body temperature increase to the levels normal during waking hours. During the period when a large animal such as a bear, is coming out of hibernation, the animal's entire body does not warm at once. The area around the heart warms up first. As the heart warms up, it begins beating at its normal rate, and it is then able to pump blood around the rest of the body and heat up the rest of the body.  When it begins getting cold in the north as winter approaches, different types of animals deal with the approach of the cold weather in different ways. Some animals move south to warmer weather, some animals increase their activity to stay warm, and other animals hibernate during the cold weather. The animals that hibernate are the animals like groundhogs and bears that go into a state of unconsciousness or semiconsciousness during the cold winter months. The groundhog is one of the best-known hibernators. It goes into its burrow 4 or 5 feet underground sometime in the fall, and it does not come out until spring. A groundhog stays in its underground burrow for the entire winter, without coming out. Because the groundhog hibernates so completely, it's the groundhog that has achieved prominence in folklore as the animal that is responsible for determining whether or not winter is over and it is safe to come out of hibernation. According to folklore, the groundhog will come out of the burrow where it is hibernating on Groundhog Day in February. If winter is over, the groundhog will remain out of its burrow, but if winter is going to last for a while longer, the groundhog will scurry back into its burrow. Other animals that hibernate in a similar fashion are bats and squirrels. On the other hand, bears hibernate in a different manner. In the southern half of the United States, bears do not hibernate at all because the weather does not get cold enough for them to hibernate. In the northern half of the United States, bears may not stay in hibernation for the entire winter. They may come out of their hibernation during the winter and wander about before returning to hibernation.