SPEAKING+EXERCISE+16

LISTEN [|HERE]  SPEAKING EXERCISE 16 BANKS, CREATIVITY, AMAZON ...      BANKS    (professor) Today we're going to be talking about the Bank Holiday of 1933. A holiday. A bank holiday. Sounds like a nice thing. doesn't it? But it really wasn't. It occurred when the U.S. banking system was in serious trouble in 1933, but somehow this situation became known as a holiday rather than as a disaster. Let's talk about what led up to the Bank Holiday of 1933. In the 19205, banking in the United States hadn't been very stable, and it wasn't unusual for banks to fail. Then, after the stock market crashed in 1929, the problem with banks became much worse. By 1933. more than half the states had closed banks. The solution to this problem was when President Roosevelt called a bank holiday. This bank holiday meant that all banks were closed for a period of days while the federal government worked to reorganize the banking system. One of the bills passed by the government at the time was federal deposit insurance, which means that any money deposited in U.S. banks would be insured by the federal government. Since the time of the bank holiday, the situation has improved considerably. The number of banks that fail has decreased sharply, and the number of people to lose money by depositing it in a federally insured account has remained at zero. The solution to this problem was when President Roosevelt called a bank holiday. This bank holiday meant that all banks were closed for a period of days while the federal government worked to reorganize the banking system. One of the bills passed by the government at the time was federal deposit insurance, which    CREATIVITY  232 2 Thus, we've seen that for an idea to be creative, it has to, minimally, be original and appropriate. There may be other component parts to creativity, but originality and appropriateness are certainly part of it. J;litguser:anicap:i means that any money deposited in U.S. banks would be insured by the federal government. Since the time of the bank holiday, the situation has improved considerably. The number of banks that fail has decreased sharply, and the number of people to lose money by depositing it in a federally insured account has remained at zero. , 3. Listen to the passage. On a piece of paper. take notes' on the main points of the listening passage. (professor) Have you ever wondered why the huge river in South America is called the Amazon? Well, two sources seem to have contributed to this name. One of these two sources for the modem name of the river is the original native name for the river. and the other source is a chronicle written when Europeans first explored the river in the sixteenth century. 2. Listen to the passage. On a piece of paper, take notes on the main points of the listening passage. {professor} Today we're going to talk about creativity. Think about it for a moment. What is creativity? How would you define creativity? It's kind of difficult, isn't it? Let's look at what the experts have to say about this. Rather than actually defining creativity, experts try to list what characteristics are part of creativity. Many researchers have studied creativity and have come up with lists of characteristics that their research has shown to be part of creativity. Unfortunately, as I'm sure you understand, various researchers are not in complete agreement as to what actually constitutes creativity. There are, however, two characteristics that are widely accepted in research as being constituent parts of creativity. These two components of creativity are originality and appropriateness. Let's think about these two components of creativity, originality and appropriateness, in terms of a problem you need to solve, a problem that requires a creative solution. Can you see how Originality and appropriateness would be part of a creative solution? First, let's think about originality. If you need a creative solution to a problem, the solution you need isn't the normal, everyday solution that everyone comes up with. It must be an original solution, something new, something different. Now let's think about appropriateness, when you're looking for a solution to a problem, it has to be an appropriate solution, doesn't it? If you suggest a solution to a problem but the solution isn't appropriate, say it can't be used because it will offend people or it won't solve the problem because it doesn't fit the problem, this isn't a good solution.   AMAZON  <span style="display: block; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: medium; text-align: justify;"> The native inhabitants living near the giant river certainly must've contributed in part to the modem name of this river. The name given by the native inhabitants to this large river was something like the modern name. The native inhabitants called the river Amazunu, which in their language meant "big wave." I'm sure you can hear the similarity between the native name Amazunu and today's modem name Amazon. However, today's modem name didn't come entirely from the native name for the river; there was another important source for the name Amazon, and this source comes from a sixteenth-century chronicle of the European exploration of the river. In early Greek literature, there were descriptions of a society of brave female warriors called Amazons. When the Europeans were exploring the river in the sixteenth century, a chronicle of the trip was kept. This chronicle of the exploration of the river in the sixteenth century contains descriptions of courageous female warriors much like the female warriors described in ancient Greek literature. The chronicler made reference to the Amazon-like warriors on the river called Amazunu by the natives, which both helped to contribute to the river's modem name Amazon.