Understand+vocabulary+from+context

Smog Autism Parasitic Plants Edna Ferber 
 * || ** Reading Passage: The Moho **
 * || ** Reading Passage: The Moho **

The dividing line between the Earth's mantle and crust is called the Moho, which is short for Mohorovicic discontinuity and is named .J after the scientist who discovered it. // __The mantle__ //  is the region of the Earth that extends from the outer edge of the core almost to the surface; it is // __2,900 kilometers thick and__ // encompasses // __about 84 percent of the total volume of the Earth__ // . The crust, on the other hand, is the thin outer layer of the Earth. The term Moho is used to indicate where the mantle ends and the crust begins. Using the reflection of seismic waves at thousands of different locations, scientists have been able to draw some interesting conclusions about the Moho. First of all, the crust is very thin, averaging only about 15 to 20 kilometers in thickness, compared with tens of thousands of kilometers in width. In addition, the Moho varies to a considerable degree in depth and is deepest below the highest mountain ranges and shallower below regions with lower surface elevations. The Moho reaches depths of about 70 kilometers beneath massive mountain ranges, approximately 40 kilometers beneath average continental regions, and only 6 kilometers beneath the ocean floor. ||  || ** Question 1: ** <span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;">The word encompasses in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:

<span style="color: #525253; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** a. ** contains

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** b. ** searches

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** c. ** encircles

<span style="color: #525253; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** d. ** directs This question asks about the meaning of the word encompasses. In this question, you are not expected to know the meaning of this word. Instead, you should see in the context that // the mantle ... is 2,900 kilometers thick and encompasses about //84 // percent of the total volume of the Earth. //From this context, you can determine that // encompasses //is closest in meaning to // contains. //To answer this question, you should click on the first answer. ** Next, look at an example of a word that you often see in everyday English. In this type of question, you should // not //give the normal, everyday meaning of the word; instead, a secondary meaning is being tested, so you must study the context to determine the meaning of the word in this situation. ** **<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;">Question 2: ** The word draw in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by:
 * a. ** sketch

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** b. ** pull

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** c. ** draft

<span style="color: #525253; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** d. **make In this question, you are asked to choose a word that could replace draw. You should under­stand that // draw //is a normal, everyday word that is not being used in its normal, everyday way. To answer this type of question, you must see which answer best fits into the context in the passage. It does not make sense to talk about being able to // sketch, pull, //or // draft some interest­ing conclusions, //but it does make sense to // make some interesting conclusions. //To answer this question, you should click on the last answer. ** Finally, look at an example of a phrase that perhaps you do not know; in this example, the context again helps you to understand the meaning of the unknown phrase. ** ** Question 3: ** The phrase toa 90rJsiderc1bledegree in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** a. **grandly

<span style="color: #525253; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** b ** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">**. **significantly

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** c **. geometrically

<span style="color: #525253; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; vertical-align: baseline;"> ** d. **considerately <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; vertical-align: baseline;">This question asks about the meaning of the phrase to a considerable degree. In this question, you are again expected to determine from the context what the phrase means. The passage states that // the Moho varies to a considerable degree in depth. //From this context, you can deter­mine that // to a considerable degree //is closest in meaning to // significantly. //To answer this question, you should click on the second answer.

Smog Autism Parasitic Plants Edna Ferber

media type="custom" key="27904003" <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #545454; font-family: HelveticaNeueW01-45Ligh,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Circadian rhythms are especially important in the beginning of a plant's life. Until their phytochromes perceive the presence of light, seed sprouts grow tall and long, and do not produce any green pigment. As soon as they reach light, they begin to produce green pigment and broader leaves. What are the advantages of producing green pigment only after the presence of light?

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